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IntroductionBy definition the Orient begins in the East of the Mediterranean and includes Asia especially SE Asia, and if we ignore modern names and think of Persia, and we start to enter the world of the poet and as we travel further East we see a world rich in poetry. Too often, we forget that Western poetry was far slower in emerging and very often was for a privileged few, whereas in most cases Eastern poetry was used by all classes and both sexes. With the spread of Islam through the East, the origin of some poetic forms may be in doubt, but is it really important? Not only was Islam leaving its poetic mark, at the same time there was a movement of Buddhists, Hindus and Chinese throughout SE Asia and these four major philosophies have left their marks on the poetic culture throughout SE Asia. As a presenter of poetic form I will try and give you a little background into each of these forms. Quick guide to forms(for more information click on the form) |
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| Middle East: Persia |
| Ghazal | A series of couplets... In the first couplet both lines use same word...
In subsequent stanzas the last word of second line is repeated |
| Mathnawi | Rhyme scheme, a. a... b. b... c. c. etc normally consists of 11 syllable lines Occasionaly 10 or 12. |
| Muzdawidj or (Arabian Mathnawi) | Rhyme scheme, a. a. a... b. b. b... c. c. c. etc normally consists of 11 syllable lines Occasionaly 10 or 12. |
| Rubaiyat | Lines 1, 2, and 4 rhyme Third line sets rhyme for the following stanza |
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| S.E.Asia: Burma |
| Than Bauk | O. O. O. a. O. O. a. O. O. a. O. b. 4 Syllable lines |
| Ya Du | First 3 lines, O. O. O. a. . . O. O. a. O. . . O. a. O. b. Fourth line O. O. b. c. . . . Fifth line O. O. O. O. c. The fifth line may comprise 5. 7. 9. 11 syllables Each A Complete Stanza No More Than 3 Permitted |
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| S.E.Asia: Malaysia |
| Empat Empat | Rhyme Scheme A1, b, a, b.... c, A1, c, a.... .... a, d, A1, d....e, a, e, A1 usually 8 or 10 syllables |
| Pantoum | Rhyme Scheme A1, B1, A2, B2, ... B1, C1, B2, C2, etc, last stanza being Z1, A2, Z2, A1, usually 8 or 10 syllables |
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| S.E.Asia: Cambodia |
| Pathya Vat | Four Syllables, only lines 2 and 3 rhyme. More than one stanza, the two middle lines rhyme with previous stanza |
| Go Vat | X.X.X.X.X.X.X.a X.X.X.X.X.X.X.a X.X.X.X.X.X.X.B |
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| S.E.Asia: Viet Nam |
| Luc Bat | X.X.X.X.X.A. X.X.X.X.X.A.X.B X.X.X.X.X.B. etc |
| Song That Luc Bat | Lines 1 and 2. seven syllable couplet Lines 3 and 4. normal Luc Bat See notes inside |
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| Asia: Korea |
| Sijo | 3. 4. 3. 4. 3. 4. 3. 4. 3. 6. 4. 3.......44 Syllables |
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| Asia: Japan |
| Katuata | 19 Syllables, 5. 7. 7. Later 17 Syllables, 5. 7. 5 |
| Choka | At first ... 5. 7. 7. 5. 7. 7. etc Later ... 5. 7. 5. 5. 7. 5. etc |
| Tanka | 5. 7. 5. 7. 7. Somonka... 5. 7. 5. 7. 7. ... 5. 7. 5. 7. 7. |
| Haiku, Renga, Senryu | 5. 7. 5. |
| Soun School | TBF |
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